动词做主语(动词做主语为什么要加ing)

可以有ing形式和不定式形式。1.动词作主语，这时动词必须加ing。例如：Doing the homework spent me 2 hours；2.不定式作主语,这是动词不用加ing变成动名词，用 to do形式。例如：To do the homework spent me 2 hours.

系动词是什么

系动词亦称联系动词

2）持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand，例如：

He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。

3）表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look，例如：

He looks tired.他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。

非谓语动词用法---主语和宾语 东联现代中学 张利平

非谓语动词做主语和宾语

1. 主语: (用不定式和动名词)

不定式: 一次性,某一次（范围）,将来

f.g: To go to the palace with just a flower is to say \"I'm poor.\"

动名词: 一般,普遍,经常

f.g: Laying eggs is her full-time job.

注：当不定式和动名词作主语时，为使句子平衡，可将不定式和动名词放到句尾，在主语的位置上用 “it” 作形式主语。如：

不定式: It is +adj./n.+ to do sth.(for/of sb. to do sth.)

f.g: InFrance, it is the custom to shake hands with people in the office every morning.

* It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friend when are talking.

* It was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.

* It was not right for the South to break away from the Union.

* It was foolish of him to do that.=He was foolish to do that.

动名词: It's no use (good)/useless + doing sth.

f.g: It is no good reading in the sun.

注：当“表语”是 no use, no good, 和 useless 时，主语用“动名词”。

2.宾语: （用不定式、动名词）

(1)只用不定式作宾语的动词: (常用的36个)

plan 计划, expect 期望, wish 祝愿, hope 希望, long 渴望, desire 渴望, want 想要, ask 请求, demand 要求, beg 乞求, decide 决定，refuse 拒绝，promise 承诺，agree 同意，choose 选择，pretend 假装，manage 设法，offer 主动提出，learn 学会，afford 负担得起，determine 决心，aim 打算, 目标，intend 打算，dare 敢，arrange 安排，help 帮助，hesitate 犹豫，wait 等待，fail 未能做，seek 寻求、试图，prepare 准备，care 关心, 想要，fear 害怕，struggle 挣扎,努力，tend 倾向于 would like 想要

f.g: They learned to deal with conditions where there is neither weight nor gravity, neither “up” nor “down”.

* I'd like to see your ten-speed bicycles.

* The emperor wished to see the cloth while it was still on the looms.

(2)只用动名词作宾语的动词: （常用的41个）

suggest 建议，advise 建议，enjoy 喜欢，appreciate 感激，stop 停止，mind 介意，finish 完成，keep (on) 继续，practise 练习，miss 错过，avoid 避免，consider 考虑，give up 放弃，delay 推迟，put off 推迟，admit 承认，acknowledge 承认，deny 否认，permit 允许，allow 容许，report 报告，explain 解释，mention 提及，stand 忍受，imagine 想象，fancy 设想，recall 回想起，excuse 借口，escape 逃脱，discuss 讨论，dislike 讨厌，resist 拒绝，forbid 禁止， prohibit 禁止，pardon 原谅， forgive 原谅，prevent 阻止，risk 冒险，understand 理解，recommend 推荐，burst out 突然

f.g: He gave up teaching only two year ago.

* He stopped working on the branch.

(3)既可跟不定式也可跟动名词:（意义相近）love, like, hate, prefer, began, start, continue, propose，bother, can’t bear, intend, attempt

不定式: 一次性,某次, 将来 (谓语动词是进行时后用不定式)。

　　 动名词：一般，普遍，经常 (心里状态动词只能用不定式.)

f.g: He started working hard to improve his English.

* He started to raise more of them.

* When he was a boy he liked to ask questions.

* She saw that Abraham like reading.

* People are beginning to realize just how serious the whole situation is.

(谓语动词是进行时, realize是心里状态动词)

(4)既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词: （意义不同） remember, forget, regret, want, need ( require),try, mean.

A. remember, forget, regret

不定式: 发生在谓语动词之后// 动名词: 发生在谓语动词之前

f.g: He had forgotten to put on his shoes.

* I remember posting the letter.

* She regretted missing the report.

B. want, need,(require)

不定式: 表示与主语有主动关系// 动名词: 表示与主语有被动关系

注: require不跟不定式的主动式；可跟不定式的被动式,也表示与主语被动关系, 与跟动名词的区别: 同做主语时一样。)

f.g: I want to be proud of you.

* His clothes needed washing

* These young trees will require looking after.

C. try

不定式: 企图,想法,努力(去做…) // 动名词: 试着去做…

f.g: Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it.

* He tried reading, but that could not make her forget her trouble.

D. mean

不定式: 打算,想要 // 动名词: 意味着…意思是…

f.g: I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.

* Revolution means liberating the productive forces.

E. can't help,

不定式: 不能帮助做… // 动名词: 禁不住做…

f.g: I have a lot of homework to do today, so I can’t help to do the housework.

When he heard the good news, he couldn’t help shouting excitedly.

F. go on

不定式: 接着做另外一件事 // 动名词: 表示接着做原来的事

f.g: After the new words, the students went on to read the text.

The old man had a drink of tea and went on telling his story.